Motor vehicle



Q March 24, 1936. G, ALBQRN 2,035,212

MOTOR VEHICLE Filed Nov. 10, 1934 10 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORN F. G. ALBORN MOTOR VEHICLE Match 24, 1936.

Filed Nov. 10, 1954 10 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Frank QAIborn.

ATTORNEYI' [1\| i y. Y 1 LN A I I l i fi M v 2 Q8 & km 9* ,www I V1 WW I I N m w 2 N @N. mN QNJ Q \m. L 5:? 71 5 i 0 mm \9 MW Y. Q. 5;. Q o r. N? wmw 'll. o.

March 24, 1936. F. G. ALBORN 2,035,212

MOTOR VEHICLE- Filed Nov. 10, 1934 10 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVEI JTOR Frank Q.All1orfl.

ATTORNEY March 24, 1936. ALBORN MOTOR VEHICLE l0 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed NOV. 10, 1934 March 24, 1936. F. G. .ALBORN MOTOR VEHICLE Filed Nov. 10, 1934 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 n i W INVENTOR Frank QAllmru.

ATTORN F. G. ALBORN MOTOR VEHICLE March 24, 1936..

Filed Nov. 10, 19:54

10 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR- Fmfllc Allmn.

, ATTORNEY.

March 24, 1936. F. G. ALBORN 2,035,212

MOTOR-VEHICLE ATTORNEY MOTOR VEHICLE Filed.Nov. 10, 1934 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 INVENTOR. Frank QAl'hm.

' ATTOR 5y.

March-.24, 1936. G ALBORN 2,035,212

MOTOR VEHICLE Filed Nov. 10, 1954 10 Sheets-Sheet 10 IN VENTOR.

Frank QAlImm ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 24, 1 936 Mozron VEHICLE Frank G. Albom, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to The White Motor Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a; corporation of Ohio Application November 10, 1934, Serial No. 752,496

12 Claims. (01.180-54) My invention relates to motor vehicles, andis particularly concerned with the provision of a construction for increasing the load carrying .ca-

pacity of vehicles of the type set forth.

For a number of years, engineers. have tried with varying .degrees of success to design and construct an eificient motor truck aifording a greater length of chassis'for load carrying pur-" poses .than the conventional type of truck in 1-1) which the engine is mounted beneath a hood in front of the cab or driver's seat.

In one type of construction employedto provide' a greater length of chassis for load carrying purposes, the engine is mounted crosswise of.

5 the vehicle in a position beneath the driver'sseat. This type of construction restricts the size,

of the engine, and complicates the power transmission mechanism by requiring an abrupt turn in the drive line. I '20 In another type of construction which em ploys an engine constructed with vertical cylinders, the engine is mounted adjacent the drivers seat in a position to protrude through the floor of the 'drivers compartment, the protrusion 25 of the engine through the floor being necessary to attain a practical floor height without decreasing the road clearance beyond an allowable limit. The projection of the engine into the drivers compartment in this type of vehicle de- 30 tracts from the comfort of the driver, renders it difficult for the driver to reach his seat from one side of the Vehicle, and crowds and complicates the control mechanism of the vehicle.

My invention provides a construction which is free of the objectionable features set forth in connection with the above described types of construction. In accordance with my invention, the engine is mounted under the floor of the driver's compartment, and is so constructed and coordinated with the other parts of the vehicle that a practical floor height in the driver's compart- 50 chassis frame to provide a lower mounting for the engine.

A third important feature of invention re-.

sides in forming the forward axle with a dropped central portion to provide clearance for the en-- A fourth important feature of my invention resides in mounting the springs of the vehicle at the sides of the chassis frame in a manner to obtaina lower mounting of the chassis. frame.

A fifth important feature of my invention re-, 5

sides in mounting the engine and change speed mechanism for readyremoval from the vehicle.

A further important feature of the invention resides in providing easy accessibility to the important parts of the engine when the engine is in place in the vehicle.

In'addition to providing an improved truck construction of the character set forth, my invention has for its object the provision of a ve-v hicle construction which can be employed in any vehicle requiring eitherlarge-load or passenger carrying facilities.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a side-elevation of the chassis of a motor truck embodying the present invention,

the cab of the truck being shown in dot and dash lines, and the near wheels and a portion of the axles of the chassis being removed.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the chassis illustrated in Figure l, the cab of the truck again being shown in dot and dash lines.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary elevational view of the forward end'of the truck in which the cab is shown in section, and in.which the near side' rail, the near wheel, and a portion of the axle are removed. J

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view of the cab taken on line 4-'-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a sectional view of the chassis taken on line 55 of Figure 3.. Figure 6 is a fragmentary vertical section of the truck taken through the center of the engine, the section of the engine being composite, and consisting of a portion at one side taken through the cylinder of the engine and a por- 40 tion at the other sid being taken intermediate two of the cylinders of the engine.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary vertical section of the truck taken at the forwardright hand lower corner of the cab.

Figured, is a fragmentary horizontal section .of the truck taken at the front lower right hand corner of the cab.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary front elevational view of the chassis of the truck with the radiator removed, and the forward portions of the side rails of thechassis frame cut away.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary sectional view-taken on line lll'lll of Figure 9. 5

Figure 12 is a perspective view of a sub-frame" which supports the power plant of the truck, with the caps at the ends of the side members of the frame removed.

Figure 13 is an end view of a dolly used in the removal of the power plant from the truck.

Figure 14 is a view illustrating the manner in which the power plant is removed from the vehicle, the cab being shown in section and the near wheel and a portion of the axle being removed.

Figure 15 is a longitudinal section of the engine taken through the center of the engine.

Figure 16 is a plan view of the engine, certain parts being broken away in order to show internal construction.

Figure 17 is a rear elevational view of the engine with the bell housing removed.

Figure 18 is a detail view of a casting employed in the construction of the rear end of the engine, together with a fragmentary side view of an oil cleaner supported thereon, the section being taken so as to show the interior construction of the casting.

Figure 19 is a fragmentary sectional view of the upper part of the engine taken on a line corresponding with line I9-i9 of Figure 16.

Figure 20 is a fragmentary sectional view of the engine taken on a line corresponding with line 2020 of Figure 15.

Figure 21 is a sectional view taken throughthe upper part of the engine on a line corresponding with line 2l2l of Figure 16.

Figure 22 is a fragmentary sectional view of I the forward end of theengine illustrating the mounting of the idler pulley employed inconjunction with the driving belts.

Figure 23. is a front view of the mechanism shown in Figure 22, the idler pulley and belts being omitted.

Figure 24 is a plan view of the transmission" with the upper part of the housing cut away to show the internal mechanism;

Figure 25 is a side elevational view .of the transmission with the near portion of the housing cut away, certain parts being shown in section and partial section, and others being omitted, all in the interest of showing internal construction.

Figure 26 is a sectional view of the transmission taken on a line corresponding with line 2626 of Figure 25.

Figure 27 is a sectional view of a shifting and rear axles C and D, front and rear wheels E and F, and a power plant G embodying an engine b and a transmission c.-

The chassis frame B (see Figures 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9) comprises two side rails l0 connected by a plurality of advantageously placed cross members including two U-shaped members ii and i2 and two tubular members l3 and i4 extending directly between the side rails, and a tubular member 15 extending between the depending ends of two brackets l6 secured to the sides of the side rails. Such frame isformed with a dropped portion at its forward end in order to provide a low mounting for the power plant, and with the object of reducing the height of such part and to attain a lower disposition of the power plant is mounted upon the axles C and D by means of springs mounted at the sides'of the side rails.

The forward end of the chassis frame is supported from the front axle C by two springs I1, and the rear end thereof from the-rear axle D by two springs l8, the'springs I! and It) being secured to the axles C and D in a conventional manner by means of U-bolts IS. The front .springs I'l are pivotally connected at their forward ends through'rigidly attached blocks 29 (Figures 9 and 14) to the brackets I6, and at their rear ends through pivotally associated shackle members 2| to brackets 22 secured to the The rear springs side rails of the chassis frame;

l8, which include helper springs 23 bearing against plates 24 secured tothe sides of the side rails III, are connected by pivotally associated shackle members 25 to forwardly and rearwardly disposed brackets 26 and Z'Lsecured to the sides ing, drive shafts leading from the differential to Y the rear'wheeis, and reduction gearing connecting the differential with a drive shaft 30 leadi'ng'from the transmission 0.

The front axle C (see Figures 2, 6 and 9) 'is constructed in a more or less conventional manner and comprises a downwardly curved member 3| and steeringknuckles 32 journalled on the ends of the member 3 l. The steering knuckles are formed with spindles 33 upon which are journalled the front wheels E and with arms 34 connected by a tie rod 35. The left hand steering knuckle 32 is constructed with a steering arm 36 which is connected through a drag link 31 with the operating lever 38 of a steering gear assembly d removably mounted at the forward end of the chassis frame.

The steering gear assembly (1 (see Figures 1, 2 and 9) supports a portion of the control mechanism for the vehicle including a brake, pedal" 39 and a clutch operating pedal 40, and is mounted in place upon a bracket 4| secured to the left hand side rail of the chassis frame. It is supported upon the bracket 4| by means of a tubular projection 42 on a casing 43 at the lower. end of the assembly, and is secured in position by a cap 44 secured to the upper end of the bracket 4| bystuds 45 and to the easing 43 by a stud 46.

To prepare the steering gear assembly for removal, the arm 38 is disconnected from the tie rod 31, the control mechanism carried by the assembly disconnected from associated parts,

and thenuts on the ends of the studs 45 unscrewed and removed. The steering gear assembly can then be removed by simply liftingmembers 41, 48, 49 and "joined together in the form of a rectangle by means of T-joints'il.

Formed on the rear T-joints 5|, there are two ,pads 52 which support therear portion of the .power plant, and welded to the forward cross member 41 there are two pads 58 which support 1 the forward end of the power plant. The power plant is supported from the frame e by the two legs 54 formed on the forward end of the engine and two legs 55 formed on the bell housing of the engine, -the legs' 54 registering with the pads 53 and the legs 55 with the pads 52. The

legs 54 and 55 rest on rubber members 56, reintween lugs formed on the rear T-connection 5|,

there are two rollers 68 designed to engage the lower flanges of the side rails I8 and the flanges of a pair of members 8| secured to the side rails to facilitate removal of the engine, but

- which when the power plant is secured in place engine.

occupy positions out of engagement with the flanges of the members 6|.

In addition to the power plant G, the frame e supports a water cooling radiator 62 for the clamped between parts 84, welded onthe ends of the members 49 and 58 and two caps secured in place by stud-bolts 68. Two rods 8'! connected at their upper ends tothe side of the radiator and at their lower ends to the members and 58 maintain the radiator in an upright position with respect to the frame.

The side members 49 and 58 of the frame e extend beyond the rear T-joint 5|, the exten: sions 49a and 580. being employed to support 'the rear end of the frame e from the side rails I8 of the chassis frame. When the frame e is in position within the vehicle, the extensions 49a and 58a are clamped between members 88 secured to the side rails and caps 69 secured in.place by stud-bolts I8, springs II being inserted between caps 69 and nuts 78d of the bolts I8 to permit limited relative movement of the members 49 and 58 with respect to the side rails I8. The terminating ends of the extensions 49a and 58a are bevelled in such a manner that they co-act with the parts 68 and 89 to lift the rollers-68 from the flanges of the members 6| when the frame is inserted in the vehicle as hereinafter explained. The forward end of the frame e is supported from the cross member I5 through a mechanism 1 secured at its bottom end to a pad I2 welded on the cross member I5, and at its top end to a member I8 welded onthe member 41.

The mechanism f comprises a plate I4 formed with upwardly extending arms 14a, a plate I5 extending between and connected to the upper ends of thearms 14. .a rubber member Iii 11 straddle a projection on the member I3 and.

are secured thereto by bolts I8. The plate I4 The radiator 62 is constructed with two transversely extending pins 83 which are sides of the upwardly is to the member I2 on the cross member. I5 by means of bolts 19-. i

The engine b is constructedwith horizontally disposedcyiinders and. in such ,a manner as to have a relatively small depth or vertical projection as compared with an engine constructed with vertical. cylinders; To further minimize its depth the engine is provided with a lubricating system of the dry-sump type employing a shallow oil receiving reservoir maintained substan-' -tially empty of oil during operation of .the engine. For the purpose of deflmtion, it may be termed a-dry-sump engine. .1.

'Generally described, (see Figures 2, 6, 15 and 16) the engineb comprises a casting 88 formed through the removal of the cover plates 88.

The crankcase cover 82 is constructed with a supply reservoir 9| comprising an upwardly projectingportion 9 In which extends above the floor of the cab and is located within a rectangular housing 92 beneath the seat in the cab. in-

cluded within the engine assembly is a conventional type'clutch mounted'in a casing 93 at the rear of the engine, and mounted upon the wall of the casing of the transmission 0 which ad-- electrical motor 1 94 for starting the engine.

joins the casing 93 there is an The cylinders 'at the different sides ofthe engine are provided with separate fuel induction systems of the down-draft type. The system for each .set of cylinders comprising canals 95 formed in the casting 88, a manifold 98 mounted on the upper side of the casting 88, a carburetor.

91 mounted onan extension of the manifold, a breather pipe 98 extending upward from the carburetor, and an air cleaner attached to the end of the breather pipe. The carburetors 91 and air cleaners 98 extend above the floor of the cab and are located in the housing 92' at the protruding portion 8Ia of the reservoir 9|. X

The cylinders at the different sides of the engine are also provided with separate exhaust The engine is constructed with a water pump.

I84 mounted .at the rear end thereof, and supports an electrical generator I85 and an air compressor I86 at its forward end. (See Figures 3, 9, 22 and 23). The engine also supports a fan I87 for coolingthe radiator 82-mounted on the engine crankshaft 85. The drive shaft of the pump I84 is connected with the armature shaft of the gen rator I85 by a driv e shaft I88; and

the air compressor I85, generator I85 and water pump I84 are all driven from the crankshaft 84 by means of belts. As illustrated, the hub of the fan I81 is constructed with two pulleys I88 and I I8, and the forward end-0f the drive shafts of this compressor I86 and the generator I85 equipped with pulleys III and H2. A belt H3 extending around the pulley N2, the pulley I89,

and the forward section of a compound idler pulley H4 mounted on the forwardend of the engine forms a driving connection between the crankshaft 84 and the armature shaft of the generator- I05. A second belt H5 extending around the pulley III, the pulley H0, and the rear section of the idler pulley H4 forms a driving connection between the crankshaft 84 and the drive shaft of the compressor I06.

'the engine and'formed at its forward end with a sleeve H6a, and an angulated member H8 comprising a vertical arm II8a adjustably mounted in-the sleeve II6a at the forward end of the member H6 and a horizontal arm IIBb which supports the pulley H4. The member H8 is held against rotation with respect to the member H6 by means of a key H9 mounted in the arm I Ito and extending in a groove in the sleeve I la, and is secured in position by means of a split nut I20 equipped with a clamping bolt I2I screwed onto its upper threaded end and by a bolt I22 connecting the lower split portions of the sleeve II6a. The member I I6 isretained in the bracket II! by means of a split nut I23 equipped with a ciamp bolt I24. The pulley H4 is supported on the arm- II8b by anti-friction bearings I25, and is retained in place by a washer I25 and nut I21 mounted on the threaded outer end of such member.

To adjust the tension of the belts H3 and H5 the clamping'boits I2I and I22 are loosened,

the nut I28 'turned to raise or'lower the member- II 8, and the clamping bolts tightened. Equal The lubricating system for the engine b (see Figures 15 to 21) comprises two gear pumps I28 and I23 cperatively connected to opposite ends of the camshaft 81. The gear pump I28 at the forward end of the camshaft is of a conventional two-gear type constructed with a single outlet and a single inlet. The gear pump 29 at the rear endpf, the camshaft is of a loss conventional type and is constructed with two inlets and a single outlet.

Generally described, the pump I29 comprises a casing I30, a large gear I3I directly connected to the camshaft and two small idler gears I32 and I33 located at opposite sides of the large gear I3I The casing I30 is recessed'away from the gears atfour points forming two inletchambers I34 and I35 and two outlet chambers I36 and I31. .The inlet chambers I34 and I35 communicate with separate inlet ducts respec: tively indicated by the numbers I38 and I39, and the pressure. chambers I36 and I3! with separate ducts I40 and MI leading into a comthe supply reservoir 9| in the crankcase cover 62, and at its discharge side is connected with a manifold I which communicates with ducts I46 leading to.the various bearings of the engine.

The inlet chamber I35 of the pump I29 communicates'through the duct I39 with the rear end of a reservoir I 41 formed in the bottom of the casting 80, and the inlet chamber I34 through the duct I38 and conduits I48 and I49 with the forward end of the reservoir I 41..

The pressure chambers I36 and I3I of the.

pump I29 communicate through the ducts I40 and HI, and the duct I 42, with an upwardly extending duct I 50. The duct I50 communicates through a duct I5I with a transverse duct I52 leading into an oil cleaning and cooling system h located at the rear end of the cover 82. The ducts I 43, I50 and I52, which extend to the outer surface of the engine, are closed at their outer ends by screw plugs I53, I54 and I55 respectively.

Generally described, the oilcleaning and cooling system It comprises a filter I56, a water chamber t5! divided into two compartments by a baflle I59, two sets of cooling tubes I59 and I60, and an arrangement of compartments and ducts for transporting the oil to and from, and between cooling tubes I59 and I66. The duct I52 communicates at its discharge end with a duct IGI leading into the outer compartment of the filter I56. The inner compartment of the filter, which is separated from the outer compartment by a conventional filtering element, communicates through a duct I62 with a compartment I63 communicating with the lower end cooling tubes I59 open into a chamber I64 which communicates at its forward end with the .up-' per ends of the cooling tubes I60. (See Figure 18 which illustrates the interior construction of the casting containing the chambers I63 and I64.) The lower ends of the cooling tubes I lead into a chamber I65 formed in the prechamber I63 should the filtering element be- I come clogged. Mounted at the forward end of the chamber I63 is a second spring pressed valve I69 which controls a passage between such chamber and the chamber I65. This valve is adapted to open and allow oil from the chamber I 63' to flow directly into the chamber I 65 in case the oil cooling tubes I59 and I60 become obstructed.

The lubricating system is designed to hold an amount of oil when full equal to the capacity of the reservoirs 9| and M1 and the cleaning and cooling system 71.. It is so constructed, as will be hereinafter explained, that substantially all of the oil in the system is contained within the reservoir 9| and the system h when the engine is running.

During operation of the engine, the pump i28 draws oil from the supply reservoir 9Ithrough the conduits I44 and I43- delivering it through the manifold I45 and the ducts I46 to the bearings oi the engine. The oil discharge d of the cooling tubes I59. The upper ends of the I through the bearings oi the engine collects in the reservoir I41 in the bottom of the casting 89, from whence it is drawn into the inlet chambers-l34 and I35 of the pump I29 through the conduit I39, and the conduits I49 and I48. From the inlet chambers I34 and I35, the oil is delivered into the pressure chambers I36 and I31, from where it is forced through the ducts I48 and MI into the duct I42, and through ducts I50, II, I52 and I6I into the outer compartment of the cleaner I56. The oil delivered into the outer compartment of the cleaner I56 passes into the inner compartment, and is delivered from there into the chamber I63 by way of the duct I62. From the chamber I63 the oil passes through the cooling tubes I59,'the'chamber I64, and the cooling-tubes I68 into the chamber I65, and from the chamber I65 through the conduit I66 into the supply reservoir 9|.

The capacity of the pump- I29 vis such that either side of the pump acting alone is capable of drawing a much greater volume of oil from the reservoir I41 than is delivered theretolby Means for returning the air delivered into'the reservoir 9I to the reservoir I41 is provided in;

the form of a conduit I18 leading from the upper portion of the reservoir 9| to the interior of the casting 88.

The cooling water for the chamber I51 (see Figures 2, 3, 6, and 16) is delivered thereto from the radiator 62 by means of the pump I84, the connection between the pump and the radiator comprising a hose section I" connecting the outlet pipe I12 of the radiator-with a tubular projection I13 formed on the left hand forward Ii-connection 5I of the sub-frame, the

left hand side member 49 of the sub-frame, and a hose section I14 connecting a pipe I15 communicating with the interior of the member 49 with the intake pipe i16 of the pump. The connection between the pump I84 and the chamber I51 comprises a pipe I11 leading into the chamber and a hose section I18 connecting the pipe I11 with the outlet pipe I19 of the pump.

From the chamber I51 the water passes through conduits I80 into cooling water passages formed in the engine, andfrom the .cooling water passages in the engirie'into manifolds I8'I mounted on the side of the engine. From the manifolds I8I, the water is delivered back to the radiator through pipes I82 connected to the manifolds by hose connections I83 and to the intake pipes I84 of the radiatorpy hose connections I85.

Returning at this point to the. reservoir I41 in the'bottom ofthe crankcase, such reservoir is comtructed with a capacity suchthat it can hold all of the oil employed in the engine with- I out flooding the combustion chambers or cylinpiers, the height of the oil atififiir'igirlevel slightly below the valves. One object of providing the reservoir I41 withit'he capacity described is to permit the engine to be filled :jrith oil wlien not running without danger of flooding the combustionchambers and cylinders.

'A further object is to avoid flooding the comreservoir I41 through the pumps I28 and I29.

During running of the engine,,flooding of the combustion chambers and cylinders is prevented ,by the action of the pump I29 which maintains the reservoir I41 substantially empty of oil.

The reservoir 9| is constructed with a shallow forward portion which lies under the floor boards of the cab and with a deep rear portion embodying the aforementioned portion 9Ia which extends upward under the seat of the cab. By constructing the reservoir 9| in such manner, a reservoir of adequate capacity is obtained without increasing-the height of the floor above that required forfother purposes. The top wall of the reservoir is formed with a filling neck I 86 provided with a closing cap I81, and mounted in an aperture in the top wall of the reservoir adjacent the filling neck there is a measuringrod I88 equipped with a handle I89.

Preparatory to the accurate determination of the amount of oil in the lubricating system, the

vehicle is placed in a level position, the engine operated for a suflicient length 01 time for the pump I29 to return to the reservoir 9| any oil which may have drained into the reservoir I41,

and the engine set in advance of measurement by the rod I88 to run at a low speed at which the air passing through the reservoir 9I will not greatly agitate the oil in such reservoir or build up large pressure surges. If the rod I88 is then withdrawn, wiped off, reinserted and withdrawn after the fashion employed in measuring oil in a conventional automobile engine, the oil mark on the rod I 88 will show with a fair amount of accuracy the amount of oil in the lubricating system. The replenishment oi. the oil used up in the operation of the engine is accomplished by introducing oil into the crankcase by way of .thefilling neck I86, and is preferably done while the engine is running so that-the oil can be measured from time to time.

The lubricating system is drained of oil by removing a pair of plugs I90 and I9I in the bottom of the casting 88 and the plug I53 at the lower end of the duct I43. To fill the lubricating system after it has been drained of oil, the amount of, oil required to fill the lubricating system is poured into the filling neck I86 while the engine is idle.

The transmission c is constructed with a small depth or vertical extension and is secured tothereof. In vehicles employing an engine having' less power it will of course not be necessary .to construct thetransmission with a shifting mechanism arranged at one side and it is to be understood that by a transmission constructed with a small vertical extension or depth is meant that the transmission does not have a sufficient depth to decrease the road clearance beyond a practical distance.

' Generally described, the transmission com- I92, there is a driving gear I95 which meshes with a driven gear I96 rigidly secured upon the forward end of the countershaft I94.- Rigidly mounted on the forward end of the countershaft adjacent the gear I96, there are two gears I91 and I98 which mesh with gears I99 and 200 rotatably mounted upon the driven shaft I93.

Splined on a sleeve 20I fixed on the driven shaft I93, there is a gear 202 arranged to occupy a neutral position as shown, a rearward position in which it meshes with a gear 203 formed on the counter shaft I94, and a forward position with its internally 'splined teeth 204 in engagement with teeth 205 on the gear 200. Slidably and rotatably mounted upon a "shaft 206 located at one side of the countershaft I94, there is an integrally formed gear set 201 consisting of two gears 201a and 201b which can be moved from bring its splined teeth 2 into engagement with the position shown in the drawings to a position:

in which the gears 201a and 2011) are brought into engagement withthe gears 202 and 203 on the driven shaft and oountershaft. Rigidly mounted upon the rear end of the countershaft I94, there is a gear 208 which meshes with a gear 209 fixed on the rear end of the driven shaft I93.

Slidably and non-rotatably mounted upon the forward end of the driven shaft I93, there is an internally splined clutch member 2| 0, the splined teeth 2 of which are designed for engagement .with teeth 2I2 formed on the gear I95, and with teeth 2I3 formed on the gear I99. Similarly mounted upon the rear end of the driven shaft I93, there is a second clutch member 2 the internally splined teeth 2I5 of which are designed for engagement with teeth 2I6 formed on the gear 209. Assuming that in each instance the clutch members 210 and 2H! and the gear 202 initially- WithitS teeth in mesh with the teeth of the gear 203, the resulting drive being through gears I95, I96, 203 and 202.

Third speed, by shifting the gear 202 .in a forward direction to bring its internal splined teeth 204 into engagement with the teeth 205 on the gear 200, the resulting drive being through gears I95, I96, I98 and 200.

Fourth speed, by shifting the clutch member 2I0 in a rearward direction to bring its splined teeth 2 into engagement with the teeth 2l3 on the gear I99, the resulting drive being through gears I95, I96, I91 and I99.

Eifth speed or direct drive, by shifting the clutch member 2I0 in a forward direction to the teeth 2I2 on the gear I95, and

Reverse, by shifting the gear set 201 in a forward direction to bringthe gears 201a and 2011; thereof into engagement with the gears 202 and 203, the resulting drive being through gears I95, I96, 203, 201b, 201a and 202.

The mechanism for shifting the clutches '2I0 and 2, the gear 202 and the gear set 201 comprises a mechanism m (see Figures 2 and 27) mounted at the forward end of the vehicle and a mechanism 11 mounted within the'transmission casing. Generally described, the mechanism m comprises a casing 2I1, a shaft 2I8, and a'shifting'lever 2I9. The shaft 2I6 is formed with a crank portion 2I8a, and is slidably mounted in a rear bearing 220 supported inthe rear wall of the casing and in a front bearing 22I mounted in a plate 222 secured to the forward end of the casing. The shifting lever 2I9 is mounted for universal movement in a cover plate 223 secured to the top of the casing, and is forinedat its lower end with a ball 224 which is engaged in a slot in the lower port on of the crank 2I8a. Through this arrangement the lever 2I9 when moved longitudinally with respect to the vehicle causes the shaft 2I8 to be shifted in a reverse direction, and when moved transversely with respect to the vehicle causes the shaft 2I8 to be rotated in a corresponding direction. The cover plate 223 is secured to the top of the casing 2I1 by two stud-bolts 223a, in such a manner that the plate and the lever 2I9 can be readily removed by unscrewing the nuts 223b on the upper ends of the stud-bolts.

The mechanism 11 comprises a shaft 225 mounted for longitudinal movement and rotatable oscillation Within the left hand side of the transmission casing. This shaft is connected with the shaft 2I8 of the mechanism m by means of two shafts 226 and 221, and is designed to co-act with four shifter rods 228, 229. 230 and 23I mounted in the transverse walls of the transmission housing and respectively connected by forks 232. 233, 234 and 235 to the gear set 201. the clutch 2I0, the gear 202, and the clutch 2M. Secured upon the shaft 25 is a finger 236 formed with a projection 236a designed for enga ement between the bifurcated outer ends of parts 231, 238 and 239 mounted respectivelyon the forward ends of the rods 228, 230 and 23I, and between the spaced portion of a bifurcated lug 233a formed on the fork 233.

Rotatably mounted upon the shaft 225 there is a plate 240 formed with a slot 240a which receives the finger 236. and with flanged portions 2401) and 2400 designed for engagement between the bifurcated ends of the members, 231, 238 and 239 and the lug 23311 on the fork 233.

- This plate is held against longitudinal movement by means of a member 24I secured to the side wall of the transmission casing and formed with fingers 24Ia and 24Ib which straddle such member. In actuation of the shifting mechanism the plate 240 turns with the finger 236 andthrough the instrumentality of the flanged portions 24% and 2400 acts to lock the shifter rods in neutral position except when operatively connected to the finger 236.

In effecting a speed change the shafts 2| 8. 226, 221 and 225 are rotated through transverse movement of the lever 2I9, moving thefin rer 236 out of engagement with the bifurcated end of one of the members 231, 238, 239 or the lug 233a on the fork 233 into engagement with the end of another of such members. The lever 2I9 is then moved forward or rearwardly to .effect the speed change desired with a resultant longitudinal movement of the rods 2I8, 226, 221 and 225 and the finger 236 producing a longitudinal movement of the shifter rod connected to the finger and shifting the associated parts of the transmission. In accomplishing such operation, the plate 248 is turned by the finger 236 to a position where one or the other of the flanged portions 2481) and 2480 or both of such portions, depending. upon the driving connection initiated, acts to lock into neutral positions the shifter rods retained in such positions.

The cab A is mounted over the engine at the forward end of the chassis frame, and is constructed'with a flooring superadjacent the engine. It is supported in placepupon the chassis frame (see Figures 2, 6, '7, 8, 14, 28 and 29) by 242 secured to the forward end of the side .raill8 and a member 243 in the form of an inverted U secured at its end to the spring .brackets 22. The forward portion of the cab is supported from the brackets 242 by means of flanged members 244 secured to members 245 of the frame work of the cab, and the rear portion of the cab is supported from the member 243 by means of a channel member 246 constituting a part of the frame work in the rear of the cab. The members 244 rest on rubber members'241 reinforced with metal shells 248 inserted between such members and the brackets 242, and are secured in place by bolts 249 extending through the rubrear of the cab at its intersection with the,

member 246. At. the forward end of the cab, the outer shell 252 is formed with an opening 254 having the general shape of the radiator- 62 and of such size that the radiator can pass therethrough when it is removed with the power plant G in the manner hereafter explained, the opening being covered by a removable grille 255 held in place by bolts 256. At the. rear end of the cab, the outer shell is formed with a. reg:-

- tangular opening 251 which extends upwardto cab comprises ,a member 258 formed wit-ha dash 258a supporting aremovable instrument panel 259, two members 268 and 261 located at the sides of the cab in the rear of the radiator and joining with the dash, 258a and a removable member 262 held inp lace by screws 263 and closing the opening between the members 268 and 261, the construction being such that theopening between .the members 268 and. '26! affords a free passageway for the upper portion of the engine when the power plant is removed, from the vehicle in the manner previously referred to.

The lower portion of the cab comprises-two longitudinally extending'fioor supporting members 264 and 265 secured attheir forward ends 0 the members 268 and 26l and at their rear ends to the outer shell'252, the housing 92 previously referred to, two fenders 266 and 26"! secured to the frame work in the sides of cab, and two wheel housings268 and. 269 secured at their upper ends to the frame work in the sides of the cab and extending downward adjacent the sides of the engine. The wheel housings 268 and 269 (see, Figure 6) are connected at their lower ends through flexible members 218 with plates 2 secured to the sides of the chassis frame and form in conjunction with the plates 21! housings for the sides of the engine.

The flooring for the cab comprises two rear members 212 and 213 supported by the longitudinal members 264 and 265 and plates 21:!

and 215 secured to the inner shell of the cab, two floor boards 216 and 211 supported by the longitudinal members 264 and 265 and flanges 218 and 219 secured to the wheel housings 268 and 269, a floor board 288 located in front of the housing 92 and supported by the longitudinal toeboard 284 at the right hand side of the cab supported by the member 265 and by flanges 285 and 286 on the inner shell of the cab and on the member 26L I The floor boards 212, 213, 216, 211 and 288, and the toe boards 28l and 284, are detachably secured in place by screws 281, and are so constructed" and coordinated as to be readily removable. The left hand toe board 28! is formed with slots 288, 289 and 298 for the steering post, the brake pedal 39, and the clutch pedal48 which extend to the upper edge of such part and permit its removal without interference by the steering post and the pedals 38 and '48; and the floor board 288 is provided with a slot 29l and an aperture 292 'which permits its removal without disconnecting the shift lever 2|8 or a brake lever 293 which extends through such part. A cover plate 294 for the upper end of the slot 288 for the steering post'is removably mounted in place by screws 295. The purpose of constructing and mounting the floor boards for ready removal is to provide easy access to the engine and to provide for ready removal of the power plant from the vehicle.

The floor board 288 supports a door 286 for the'forward end of the structure 92 pivotally mounted at the rear end of such floor board and held in closed position by a wing nut 291 mounted on a threaded member 298 pivotally attached to the upper part of the casing 92 and extending through anaperture in the door. a The toe boards 28f and 284 in conjunction with the floor board 268 and the member 262-support a removable casing 299 secured in place by screws 388, which casing extends over the opening between the toe boards, and. overlies the fan I81. The casing 299 isprovided with a door tion by a wing nut 382 mounted on a threaded member 383screwed into the end wall' of thecasing and extending through thedoor. The door 296 prevents fumes from the engine from entering the cab by way 'of the casing 92 and permits ready access to the carburetors 91, the measuring rod 88, and the filling neck I81. The door 38l provides for ready adjustment of the idler pulley H4 and replacement of the belts H3 38! superadjacent the fan I81 pivoted to the upper end of the casing and held in closed posiand 5 without removal of the toe boards, and

entering the cab. Apertures 304 formed in the wheel housings 268 and 269 and closed-by detachable covers 395 held in place by screws 306 provide entrances through which the distributors 391 of the engine can be reached without removal of the floor boards or the wheel housings. I

. The cab is providedwith a seat B (see Figures 3, 6 and 14) divided into two sections P1 and P2 each comprising a back portion 308, and a seat portion 399 hinged to the back portion. The back portion 308 of each section is equipped with four rollers 3H) supported from the back portion by means of brackets 3H and arranged tofit in tracks 312 secured to the back of the cab. The sections P1 and P2 normally occupy positions with the seat portions 399 resting on the housing 92 and members 313 secured to the sides of the cab, with pins 314 mounted on the housing 92 and the members 313 extending into apertures in the seat portion to hold such portions in position. When desired, the seat sections P1 and P2 may be moved into the position illustrated in Figure 14 wherein the upper rollers 310 drop into notches 315 in the tracks 312 to maintain the sections in suspended positions. To move one of theseat sections to the position illustrated in Figure 14, the forward end of the seat portion 309 is lifted to a height to cause withdrawal of the pins 3M and the back portion pushed upward until the lower rollers 3l6 engage stops 3l6 set in the tracks and the upper rollers 3") fall into the notches 315 to hold the section in suspended position.

To return one of the seat sections to its normal position after being suspended as described, the upper end of the back portion is pushed rearwardly to remove the upper rollers 310 from the notches 3l5, the seat portion rotated in a forward direction, and the section lowered with the seat portion held in a position in which the pins 314 will enter the aperturesin such portion.

By constructing and mounting the seat portion in the manner described, ready removal of the floor boards is obtained and easy access to the underlying portion of the power plant provided.

The truck is provided with brakes at the wheels operated by a compressed air system of a. conventional type. The compressed air system comprisesa'storage tank 311 secured to the right hand side rail of the chassis frame and receiving air from the compressor I96, and a control valve 318 mounted on the member 243. The control valve 318 is operated by the pedal 39 which is connected with the operating lever of the valve 3l8 by means of a pull rod 319. The truck is also provided with a propeller shaft brake 320 of the disc type located at the rear of the transmission which brake is connected by a linkage S with the hand lever 293.

The engine clutch is operated by compressed air taken from the storage tank M1, the operating mechanism consisting of a cylinder plunger mechanism 321 pivotally mounted on the transmission casing and connected to the operating lever 322 of the clutch, and a valve 323 supported on a bracket 324 attached to the steering column assembly d and operated by the'pedal 40. The throttle valves 91a of the carburetors 91 are pivotally mounted on the casing 299, and a linkof the caps 69.

age it connecting the pedal 325 with the operating arms of the throttle valves 91a.

The power plant G and the radiator 62 form witht-he sub-frame e a unit which can be readily removed from the vehicle. To accomplish re- '-moval of such unit the accelerator pedal 325 is disconnected from the linkage t and the casing Y 299 removed, the plate 294} detached and the toe board 281 removed, the toe board 284 removed, the floor board 280 and the door 296 supported thereby removed, the plate 262 removed, the wiring and other connections leading to the instrument panel 259 from outside the unit disconnected, all'connections leading to the instrument panel from the'unit and interfering with its displacement ontothe engine removed, the instrument panel 259 detached from the dash 259a and laid on the forward end of the engine, the shifting lever 2I9 and the cover plate 223 removed, the brake lever 293 disconnected from the linkage S and laid over against the radiator, the radiator grille 255 removed, the propeller shaft 30 disconnected from the driven shaft 193 of the transmission, the drag link 31 disconnected from the steering post assembly d, the rod 319 disconnected from the brake pedal 39, the air connection between the valve 323 and the reservoir .3l1 disconnected, the air connection between the valve 323 and the mechanism 321 disconnected, the steering post assembly disconnected from the chassis frame and either suspended in an elevated position as shown in Figure 14 or removed from the cab, and the exhaust pipes I92 disconnected from the manifolds I01 of the engine at thejoints 326. Following the removal and disconnection of the parts enumerated, the bolts 19 securing the' mechanism f to the pad 12 on the cross member 15 are removed, and the nuts 19a on the studs 16 turned outward to loosen the gripping action The -unit is then ready for removal from the vehicle;

The removal of the unit is best accomplished through the use of a dolly u as shown in Figures 13 and 14. The dolly is moved in front of the radiator with the tracks 321 and 328 of the dolly in aligmnent with the side members ID of the chassis frame B, and the unit drawn'forward with the rubber members 59 sliding on the tracks of the dolly. Following initial 'forward movement of the unit, the wheels 60 are lowered into engagement with the flanges of the members 61 through engagement of the bevelled ends 49a and 59a. of the members 49 and 59 with the parts 68 and 69 rendering withdrawal more easy. When the unit has been moved forward to a point at which the wheels 60 are brought onto the tracked the dolly, the dolly is rolled forward completing removal of the engine.

Replacement of the unit within the vehicle is accomplished by reversing the process .just

described, the wheels on the sub-frame being lifted during insertion of the engine by the camming action initiated through engagement of the bevelled portions 49a and 50a of the mem-- bers 49 and 50 with parts 68 and 69.

The operation of the truck is similar to that of a conventional automobile and will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains.

I What I claim is: 1. The combination in an automotive vehicle of front and rear axles, wheels on said axles, a chassis frame supported upon said axles constructed with a dropped portion extending over the front axle, an engine of small vertical extension constructed with horizontal cylinders supported by the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame in a position above and closely adjacent to said dropped portion, and a cab supported upon the forward portion of said frame extending above said engine and equipped with a flooring located above and in closely spaced-relation to said engine.

2. The combination in an automotive vehicle,

of a front axle constructed with a dropped cen tral portion, a rear axle, wheels on said axles, a chassis frame supported upon said axles constructed with a dropped portion extending over the dropped portion of said front axle, an engine means of front and rear springs, said chassis frame being constructed with a dropped portion at its forward end which extends over the dropped portion of said front axle, and the aforesaid front springs being located at the outer. sides of the dropped portionof said chassis frame, an engine constructed with horizontal cylinders and having a forwardportion of small vertical extension supported by the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame in a position above and closely adjacent said dropped portion, and a cab supported upon the forward portion of said frame comprising a flooring located above and in closely spaced relation to said engine.

4. The combination in an automotive vehicle, of front and rear axles, wheels on said axles, a

chassis frame supported upon said axles constructed with a dropped portion at its forward end, a cab supported upon the forward portion of said frame constructed with a flooring located in spaced relation to the aforesaid'dr'opped portion of said frame and with a seat located at the rear of said flooring and extending above said flooring, a dry sump engine constructed with horizontal cylinders mounted upon the aforesaid dropped portion of' said frame in a position within the lower portion of said cab, said engine comprising a forward portion of small vertical extension which extends beneath the aforesaid flooring, and a lubricant reservoir which extends upward above the aforesaid flooring beneath the aforesaid seat.

5. The combination in an automotive vehicle,

of front and rear axles, wheels on .said axles,

a chassis frame supported upon said axles and constructed with a dropped portion atits forward end,' a cab supported upon the forward portion of said frame comprising a flooring located in spaced relation to the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame, a casing having an open bottom located at the rear of said flooring and extending al56ve"said"flooring, and a seat located above and supported by said casing, said casing being closed at its forward end by a pivotally mounted door, a dry sump engine constructed with horizontalcylinders mounted upon the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame in a position within the lower portion of said cab, said engine comprising a forward portion of small vertical extension which extends beneath the aforesaid flooring and a lubricant reservoir which extends upward above the aforesaid flooring within said casing, said lubricant reservoir comprising a fillerneck located adjacent the forward'port-ion of said reservoir in a position to be accessible by opening the aforesaid door.

6. The combination in an automotive vehicle, of front and rear axles, wheels on said axles, a chassis frame supported upon said axles and constructed with .a dropped portion at its forward end, a cab supported upon'the forward portion of said frame comprising a flooring located in spaced relation to the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame, a casing of less width than said cab and open at its bottom located at the rear of said flooring and extending above said flooring, and a seat construction located above and supported by said casing, said flooring comprising removable members located at the sides of said casing and extending from the rear of said cab to the forward portion of said cab, and

a dry sump engine constructed with horizontal: cylinders mountedupon the aforesaid dropped portion of said'frame in a position withinthe lower portion of said cab, said engine comprising a lubricant reservoir which extends upward above said flooring within saidcasing and being constructed with removable cylinder heads which underlie the aforesaid removable floor meriters.

7. The combination in an automotive vehicle, of front and rear axles, wheels on said axles, a chassis frame supported upon said axles and constructed with a dropped portion at its ferward end, a cab supportedupon the forward portion of said frame comprising a flooring located in spaced relation to the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame, a casing of less width than said cab and open at its bottom located at the rear of said flooring and extending above said flooring, and a seat construction located above said casing and extending substantially across said cab, said flooring comprising removable members located at the sides of said casing and extending from the rear of said cab to the forward portion 'of said cab, and said seat con- .members, and a dry sump engine constructed with horizontal cylinders mounted upon the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame in a position within the lower portion of said cab below said flooring, said engine comprising a lubricant reservoir which extends upward above said flooring within said casing and being constructed with spark plugs underlying the aforesaid removable members.

8. The combination in an automotive vehicle, of front and rear axles, wheels on said axles, a chassis frame supported upon said axles and constructed with a dropped portion at its forward end, a cab supported upon the forward portion of said frame constructed with a flooring located in spaced relation to the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame and with a seat located above said flooring at the rearend thereof, arid a dry sump engine constructed with horizontal cylinders mounted upon the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame in a position within the lower portion of said cab, said enof a front axle constructed with a dropped central portion, a rear axle, wheels on said axles,v

a chassis frame supported upon said axles constructedwith adropped portion extending over said front axle, an engine of small vertical extension constructed with horizontal cylinders supported by the aforesaid'dropped portion of said frame in a position above and. closely "adjacent to said dropped portion, a cab supported upon the forward portion of said frame extending above said engine and equipped with flooring located above and in closely spaced relation to said engine, and dust and water impervious means extending from the sides of said cab to the sides of said chassis frame arranged to protect the sides ofsaid engine from water and dust thrown up by the wheels mounted on said front axle.

10. The combination in an automotive vehicle of front and rear axles, wheels on said axles, a a

chassis frame supported upon said axles and constructed with a dropped portion extending over said front axle, an engine of small vertical extension constructed with horizontal cylinders supported by the aforesaid dropped portion of said frame in a position above'and closely adjacent to said dropped portion, a belt driven mechanism mounted on the upper portion of said engine, a cab supported upon the forward portion of said frame extending above said engine and equipped with a flooring located above and in closely spaced relation to said engine, said flooring being formed with an aperture superadjacent said mechanism and supporting a door for closing said aperture.

11. The combination in an automotive vehicle, of a front axle constructed with a drop central portion, a rear axle, a chassis frame supported upon said axles constructed with a vertically ofiset forward portion, an engine of small vertical extension constructed with horizontal cylinders and supported by said offset portion of said frame in close relation thereto with the crank shaft of' said engine extending longitudinally of the vehicle, and-a cab mounted upon said 'ofiset portion of said frame and constructed with a flooring located above said engine.

12 .'The combination in an automotive vehicle, of a front axle constructed with a drop central portion, a rear axle, a chassis frame supported upon said axles constructed with a verti- Y cally offset forward portion, an engine of small vertical extension constructed with horizontal cylinders and supported by said offset portion of said frame in close relation thereto with thecrank shaft of saidengine extending longitudinally of the vehicle, said engine being constructed with a dry sump lubricating system in order to decrease its vertical extension, and a body mounted upon said frame and constructed with a flooring located above said engine.

FRANK G. ALBORN. 

